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Operation Houndsworth
Operation ''Houndsworth'' was the codename for a British Special Air Service operation during the Second World War. The operation carried out by 'A' Squadron, 1st Special Air Service between 6 June and 6 September 1944, was centred on Dijon in the Burgundy region of France. Their objective was to disrupt German lines of communication, coordinate the activities of the French Resistance and prevent German reinforcements moving to the Normandy beachheads especially the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich.
==Background==
The men involved in Operation ''Houndsworth'' were part of the Special Air Service Brigade. The Special Air Service (SAS) was a unit of the British Army during the Second World War, formed in July 1941 by David Stirling and originally called "L" Detachment, Special Air Service Brigade"L" being an attempt at deception implying the existence of numerous such units.〔Molinari, p.22〕〔Haskew, p.39〕 It was conceived as a commando type force to operate behind enemy lines in the North African Campaign〔Thompson, p.7〕 In 1944 the Special Air Service Brigade was formed and consisted of the British 1st and 2nd Special Air Service, the French 3rd and 4th Special Air Service and the Belgian 5th Special Air Service.〔 They were to undertake parachute operations behind the German lines in France,〔Shott & McBride, p.16〕 and then carry out operations supporting the Allied advance through Belgium, the Netherlands, and eventually into Germany.〔Shortt & McBride, p.15〕
In May 1944 the Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) had issued order for the Special Air Service Brigade to carry out two operations in France. The two operations were Operation ''Houndsworth'' in the area of Dijon given 'A' Squadron 1st Special Air Service and Operation ''Bulbasket'' in the area of Poitiers given to 'B' Squadron 1st Special Air Service.〔
The focus of both operations would be the disruption of German reinforcements from the south of France to the Normandy beachheads. To carry out the operation they would destroy supply dumps, block the two railway lines between Paris–Lyons–Chalon-sur-Saône and Paris–Le Creusot–Nevers.〔Shott & Mcbride, p.14〕 One unit they especially wanted to delay was the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich which was based in the area around Toulouse in the south of France. The intelligence experts at SHAEF responsible for planning the Normandy landings, had estimated it would take three days for the panzer division to reach Normandy.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Royal British Legion )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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